Biosensors are analytical devices used to measure biological information that converts a bodily response into an electrical signal. Biosensors consist of three major parts, the sensitive biological element (tissue, microorganisms, enzymes etc.), the transducer, and the detector element which works physicochemically. The major component of a biosensor is the transducer, which uses the physical changes of a reaction to produce an effect. Such physical changes could be thermal output, electrical potential change, redox reaction, electromagnetic radiation etc. The triggered electrical output from the transducer can then be amplified, processed, displayed and analyzed. Biosensors are a rapidly expanding field of study with an estimated annual growth rate of 60%, with the majority of the growth coming from the health-care industry.

The biosensor concept can be traced back to Professor Leland C Clark Junior, who invented the oxygen electrode in 1956. He wanted to expand the range of......

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Title: Microbial Biosensors Past, Present And Future
Approximate Word Count: 2345
Approximate Pages: 10 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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