THE EMERGENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS:
A LITERATURE REVIEW
Christopher Allan F. Reballos

INTRODUCTION

The year 1999 was an alarming year when an outbreak of arboviral encephalitis arrived in North America (Nosal and Pellizzari, 2003; Petersen et al, 2002; Scaramozzino et al, 2001). This epidemic spread rapidly across North America, namely United States and into Canada. The detection was first identified among birds and mosquitoes in the year 2001 and by the end of 2002, human infection cases were noted from nearby cities of Canada. It was identified that the human infection is caused by mosquito transmission. Migrating birds are presumed to play a significant role in facilitation of the dispersal of the virus to the mosquito population over distant locations. Though this remains the most significant vehicle for human disease, other possible means are through the blood or organ donation, pregnancy, lactation, needle-stick injury and exposure to infected laboratory specimens. The......

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Title: Genetic Transmission Of Wext Nile Virus
Approximate Word Count: 4954
Approximate Pages: 20 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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1. Genetic Transmission Of Wext Nile Virus
   

   Genetic Transmission of Wext Nile Virus. THE EMERGENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS: A
   LITERATURE REVIEW Christopher Allan F. Reballos INTRODUCTION ... ...