1. What are the main findings in the literature review presented in the Introduction? (15)

The main findings in the literature review presented in the Introduction are that reports from these studies are contradictory in that some report a weak deterrent effect for those least likely to commit crime, whereas some a strong effect. The literature review found that there are three basic but conflicting answers to the question "Does the threat of punishment differ according to a person's motivation or propensity to commit crime?", that can be formulated from the literature on these studies: (1) All individuals respond generally the same way to sanction threats, where criminal inclination does not matter, (2) criminal offenders who are impulsive and present-oriented are less responsive to sanction threats because they are "distant in time". These individuals have high criminal motivation (propensity), which reduces the impact of the deterrent. (3) Those individuals who are low in......

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Title: Research Article Synopsis On Crime And Propensity
Approximate Word Count: 1883
Approximate Pages: 8 (250 words per double-spaced page)

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